The EU, the US, and Trade Policy: Competitive Interdependence in the Management of Globalization

Competitive interdependence marked the European Union (EU) - United States (US) relationship as the GATT/ World Trade Organization (WTO) was strengthened and as each enlarged its territorial sphere of influence. The EU initially expanded its influence outside Europe by granting nonreciprocal preferences to the African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) states while the US subsequently used the WTO to force the EU-ACP relationship into WTO-compliance. Adopting regional and bilateral strategies, the US negotiated NAFTA and Latin American and Asian free trade agreements. The US thereby expanded its sphere of influence. The EU responded by negotiating equivalent free trade agreements in both Latin America and Asia. As it expands its territorial sphere of influence, the EU may now be managing globalization by outstripping the US. The US-EU relationship thus is marked by both competition and interdependence

Instances and connectors : issues for a second generation process language

This work is supported by UK EPSRC grants GR/L34433 and GR/L32699Over the past decade a variety of process languages have been defined, used and evaluated. It is now possible to consider second generation languages based on this experience. Rather than develop a second generation wish list this position paper explores two issues: instances and connectors. Instances relate to the relationship between a process model as a description and the, possibly multiple, enacting instances which are created from it. Connectors refers to the issue of concurrency control and achieving a higher level of abstraction in how parts of a model interact. We believe that these issues are key to developing systems which can effectively support business processes, and that they have not received sufficient attention within the process modelling community. Through exploring these issues we also illustrate our approach to designing a second generation process language.Postprin

Post-National Democracy: A Challenge to Political Science? Paper Delivered as the Introductory Presentation, Convegno Nazionale Della Societa Italiana di Scienza Politica (SISP) Universita degli Studi di Trento 15 September 2003

[From the Introduction]. I am fairly certain that everyone here will agree with me if I say that post-national democracy does indeed pose a challenge to the discipline of political science. We may disagree about what post-national democracy might be and what political science itself is, but I think we can agree that the conceptualization and institutionalization of post-national democracy presents difficult challenges for political scientists.... I would like, however tentatively, to link my discussion of post-national democracy to the realities of governance by focusing on the European Union as well as on operating democracies. The EU is I think an ideal focal point for this discussion, for it is in Europe that the debate about post-national democracy is the most developed. It is also the only place in the world where the debate resonates with policy makers and very practical politicians. Only in Europe are the debates among political theorists paralleled by debates among politicians

"The Future of Federalism in the European Union". Keynote Address delivered at the European Community Studies Association Canada (ECSA-C) 2004 Biennial Conference "A Constitution for Europe? Governance and Policy Making in the European Union" 27-29 May 2004, Gouverneur Hotel-Place Dupuis, Montreal, Canada

No abstract

"The Community as Polity: The Political Economy of Regulation"

[From the Introduction]. The literature on institutions, policymaking, and public policy covers such a wide range of subjects that it is impossible to pay it any kind of justice in this cursory review. A very partial list of works which focus on the Community's institutional framework as traditionally defined appears in Appendix A.(1) I also list works which examine the relationship between the Community and the member-states (Appendix B). I do the same for interest groups (Appendix C). I have restricted myself to works in English, but many of the sources will lead readers to works in French, German, and Dutch. The impact of the Single European Act has spawned a literature reflecting the new kinds of policy-making which have emerged in the Community. This literature loosely falls under the rubric of "regulation" or "regulatory policy-making." I shall focus on this relatively new body of literature, as it is an increasingly important component of the literature on institutions and policy-making and yet reflects a different orientation from the earlier literature about the Community

"Institution-building from below and from above: The European Community in global environmental politics"

The European Union is now an important actor in the arena of global environmental politics. It is a signatory to important global treaties and a significant participant in global negotiations. Surprisingly, however, its role has been given very little scholarly attention. This paper explores how the Community constructed over time an international presence in the environmental field. It argues that the Community, while not a ‘state’ in the international arena, has undergone an institution-building process since 1973 which has garnered international recognition. CITES, the Vienna Convention, and UNCED are briefly discussed